ICS 65.020.030 CCS B 22 湖 43 南 省 地 方 标 准 DB43/T 2318—2022 早稻淹水控镉丰产栽培技术规程 Technical regulations for Cd control and high-yield cultivation of early rice by flooding 2022 - 05 - 06 发布 2022 - 08 - 06 实施 湖南省市场监督管理局 发 布 DB43/T 2318—2022 目 次 前言························································································································ Ⅲ 1 范围 ····················································································································· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ······································································································ 1 3 术语和定义 ············································································································ 1 4 农田设施要求 ········································································································· 2 4.1 排灌系统要求 ··································································································· 2 4.2 田埂加固 ········································································································· 2 5 品种选择 ··············································································································· 2 6 育秧 ····················································································································· 2 7 抛栽 ····················································································································· 2 8 大田管理 ··············································································································· 2 8.1 施肥 ··············································································································· 2 8.2 水分管理 ········································································································· 2 8.3 病虫草害防控 ··································································································· 3 8.4 收割 ··············································································································· 3 9 档案管理 ··············································································································· 3 9.1 田间管理记载档案 ····························································································· 3 9.2 物候期记载档案 ································································································ 3 附录 A（资料性） 早稻生产过程中的农事记载表 ······························································ 4 附录 B（资料性） 早稻的生育期记载表 ·········································································· 5 I DB43/T 2318—2022 II DB43/T 2318—2022 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1—2020《标准化工作导则 第 1 部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省水稻研究所。 本文件主要起草人：方宝华、戴力、黄凤林、赵杨、刘洋、匡炜、李文忠、曾晓珊、陈少彪。 III DB43/T 2318—2022 IV DB43/T 2318—2022 早稻淹水控镉丰产栽培技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了早稻淹水控镉丰产栽培的农田设施要求、品种选择、育秧、抛栽、大田管理、收割和 档案管理等技术要求。 本文件适用于中轻度镉污染稻田淹水控镉丰产栽培。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB 4285 农药安全使用标准 GB 4404.1 粮食种子禾谷类 GB 5084 农业灌溉水质标准 GB/T 8321 农药合理使用准则 NY/T 390 水稻育秧塑料钵体软盘 NY/T 496 肥料合理使用准则通则 NY/T 1607 水稻抛秧技术规程 HNZ 010 超级早稻盘育抛栽栽培技术规程 HNZ 061 早稻抛秧育苗技术规程 HNZ 143 镉污染稻田安全利用 田间水分管理技术规程 3 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1 超级早稻 Super early rice 指由农业农村部认定的可在湖南作早稻种植的超级稻品种。 3.2 淹水栽培 Flooded cultivation 指水稻孕穗-成熟阶段田间持续保持 3 cm～20 cm 水层的种植方法。 3.3 丰产 High yield 指同一品种淹水栽培较常规水分管理模式下不减产或减产不显著。 1 DB43/T 2318—2022 4 农田设施要求 4.1 排灌系统要求 稻田排灌系统畅通，能够保证充足水源和及时供水。 4.2 田埂加固 确保田埂坚固结实，不坍塌、漏水、跑水。田埂高出田面 15 cm～20 cm，且田埂顶宽不少于 20 cm， 底宽不少于 35 cm。 5 品种选择 应选择分蘖相对较少、茎秆粗壮、不易倒伏，适于淹水栽培的早稻品种。种子质量应符合 GB 4404.1 的要求。 6 育秧 育秧环节参考 HNZ 061 ，其中应保证每亩大田用种量杂交稻 2.0 kg～2.5 kg，每孔 2 根～3 根苗， 常规稻 4.5 kg～5.0 kg，每孔 3 根～4 根苗。 7 抛栽 抛栽环节参考 HNZ 010，其中需保证适宜秧龄 3.0 叶～4.5 叶期，每亩抛栽 3.0 万穴～3.5 万穴。 8 大田管理 8.1 施肥 8.1.1 基肥 整田前施基肥，宜施用有机肥和当地农技部门推荐的配方肥。每亩施纯氮 8 kg～10 kg，氮：五氧 化二磷：氧化钾的比例为 1.0∶0.5∶1.0，磷肥做基肥一次性施完，氮、钾肥按基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥为 5∶3∶2 的比例施用。一般中等肥力水平稻田，基肥每亩施用 45％ 复合肥（15∶15∶15）27 kg～33 kg。 8.1.2 分蘖肥 移栽后 5 d～7 d，每亩施用尿素 5.0 kg～6.5 kg,氯化钾 4.0 kg～5.0 kg。于水稻叶片干爽时撒 施。分蘖盛期（移栽后 20d 左右）每亩叶面喷施速溶硅肥 100 g，相隔一周左右连喷两次。 8.1.3 穗肥 拔节期（主茎基部节间由扁变圆时）每亩施尿素 3.5 kg～4.5 kg，氯化钾 2.5 kg～3.5 kg。选择 田间浅水（ 3 cm 左右） 、水稻叶片干爽时撒施。 8.2 水分管理 2 DB43/T 2318—2022 8.2.1 分蘖期 秧苗移栽后保持湿润，立苗后浅水或湿润灌溉，即将封行时排水晒田 5 d～7 d。提倡田中开腰沟， 四周开围沟，沟沟相通。 8.2.2 长穗-结实期 晒田结束后复水，并持续保持水层深度 3 cm～5 cm，淹水控镉栽培可至收割前 7 d～10 d 断水（晴 朗天气最多提前 7 d，阴雨天气最多提前 10 d） 。 8.3 病虫草害防控 按照当地农业植保部门《病虫情报》推荐的防治技术要求，参考 HNZ 010 适时